Crafter.Graphics/interfaces/Crafter.Graphics-Device.cppm

/*
Crafter®.Graphics
Copyright (C) 2026 Catcrafts®
catcrafts.net

This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
License version 3.0 as published by the Free Software Foundation;

This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
Lesser General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
*/

module;
#ifndef CRAFTER_GRAPHICS_WINDOW_DOM
#include "vulkan/vulkan.h"
#endif
#ifdef CRAFTER_GRAPHICS_WINDOW_WAYLAND
#include <wayland-client.h>
#include <wayland-client-protocol.h>
#include "../lib/xdg-shell-client-protocol.h"
#include "../lib/wayland-xdg-decoration-unstable-v1-client-protocol.h"
#include "../lib/fractional-scale-v1.h"
#include "../lib/viewporter.h"
#include <xkbcommon/xkbcommon.h>
#endif
export module Crafter.Graphics:Device;
import std;
import :Keys;         // KeyCode for keyboard repeat state

export namespace Crafter {
    struct Window;

    #ifdef CRAFTER_GRAPHICS_WINDOW_WAYLAND
    // Wayland's wl_keyboard.key only fires on real press/release — the
    // compositor expects the application to synthesize repeat events
    // itself using the rate/delay it advertises via wl_keyboard.repeat_info.
    struct KeyRepeatState {
        int rate  = 25;     // chars/sec
        int delay = 500;    // ms before first repeat
        bool active = false;
        KeyCode key = 0;
        std::string utf8;   // UTF-8 to re-emit as onTextInput, if any
        std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> pressTime;
        std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> lastFireTime;
    };
    #endif

    struct Device {
        static void Initialize();

        #ifndef CRAFTER_GRAPHICS_WINDOW_DOM
        #ifdef CRAFTER_GRAPHICS_WINDOW_WAYLAND
        inline static wl_display* display = nullptr;
        inline static wl_seat* seat = nullptr;
        inline static xdg_wm_base* xdgWmBase = nullptr;
        inline static wp_fractional_scale_manager_v1* fractionalScaleManager = nullptr;
        inline static zxdg_decoration_manager_v1* manager = nullptr;
        inline static xkb_keymap* xkb_keymap;
        inline static wl_compositor* compositor = nullptr;
        inline static Window* focusedWindow = nullptr;
        inline static wl_shm* shm = nullptr;
        inline static wp_viewporter* wpViewporter = nullptr;
        inline static xkb_context* xkb_context = xkb_context_new(XKB_CONTEXT_NO_FLAGS);
        inline static xkb_state* xkb_state;
        inline static std::vector<Window*> windows;
        inline static wl_pointer* wlPointer;
        // wl_data_device_manager + wl_data_device drive copy/paste. Bound
        // lazily in handle_global; the data device is created once both
        // the manager and the seat are present (registry binding order
        // isn't guaranteed). nullptr on compositors that don't expose
        // the manager — Clipboard::SetText silently no-ops there.
        inline static wl_data_device_manager* dataDeviceManager = nullptr;
        inline static wl_data_device* dataDevice = nullptr;
        // Sub-detent scroll accumulator for PointerListenerHandleAxis.
        // wl_pointer.axis values are normalized to wheel detents (15 axis
        // units each, the libinput convention); whatever doesn't make a
        // whole detent yet is carried here so smooth-scroll devices add up
        // across events. Reset on pointer leave.
        inline static double scrollDetentRemainder = 0.0;

        static void seat_handle_capabilities(void* data, wl_seat* seat, uint32_t capabilities);
        static void xdg_surface_handle_preferred_scale(void* data, wp_fractional_scale_v1*, std::uint32_t scale);
        static void xdg_wm_base_handle_ping(void* data, xdg_wm_base* xdg_wm_base, std::uint32_t serial);
        static void handle_global(void* data, wl_registry* registry, std::uint32_t name, const char* interface, std::uint32_t version);
        static void handle_global_remove(void* data, wl_registry* registry, uint32_t name);
        static void keyboard_keymap(void* data, wl_keyboard* keyboard, uint32_t format, int fd, uint32_t size);
        static void keyboard_enter(void *data, wl_keyboard *keyboard, uint32_t serial, wl_surface *surface, wl_array *keys);
        static void keyboard_leave(void *data, wl_keyboard *keyboard, uint32_t serial, wl_surface *surface);
        static void keyboard_key(void *data, wl_keyboard *keyboard, uint32_t serial, uint32_t time, uint32_t key, uint32_t state);
        static void keyboard_modifiers(void *data, wl_keyboard *keyboard, uint32_t serial, uint32_t mods_depressed, uint32_t mods_latched, uint32_t mods_locked, uint32_t group);
        static void keyboard_repeat_info(void *data, wl_keyboard *keyboard, int32_t rate, int32_t delay);
        static void pointer_handle_button(void* data, wl_pointer* pointer, std::uint32_t serial, std::uint32_t time, std::uint32_t button, std::uint32_t state);
        static void PointerListenerHandleMotion(void* data, wl_pointer* wl_pointer, std::uint32_t time, wl_fixed_t surface_x, wl_fixed_t surface_y);
        static void PointerListenerHandleAxis(void*, wl_pointer*, std::uint32_t time, std::uint32_t axis, wl_fixed_t value);
        static void PointerListenerHandleEnter(void* data, wl_pointer* wl_pointer, std::uint32_t serial, wl_surface* surface, wl_fixed_t surface_x, wl_fixed_t surface_y);
        static void PointerListenerHandleLeave(void*, wl_pointer*, std::uint32_t, wl_surface*);

        constexpr static wl_pointer_listener pointer_listener = {
            .enter = PointerListenerHandleEnter,
            .leave = PointerListenerHandleLeave,
            .motion = PointerListenerHandleMotion,
            .button = pointer_handle_button,
            .axis = PointerListenerHandleAxis,
        };
        constexpr static wl_keyboard_listener keyboard_listener = {
            .keymap = keyboard_keymap,
            .enter = keyboard_enter,
            .leave = keyboard_leave,
            .key = keyboard_key,
            .modifiers = keyboard_modifiers,
            .repeat_info = keyboard_repeat_info,
        };
        constexpr static wl_seat_listener seat_listener = {
            .capabilities = seat_handle_capabilities,
        };
        constexpr static wl_registry_listener registry_listener = {
            .global = handle_global,
            .global_remove = handle_global_remove,
        };
        constexpr static xdg_wm_base_listener xdgWmBaseListener = {
            .ping = xdg_wm_base_handle_ping,
        };
        #endif

        inline static VkInstance instance = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
        inline static VkDebugUtilsMessengerEXT debugMessenger = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
        inline static VkPhysicalDevice physDevice = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
        inline static VkDevice device = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
        inline static std::uint32_t queueFamilyIndex = 0;
        inline static VkQueue queue = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
        inline static VkCommandPool commandPool = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
        inline static VkSwapchainKHR swapchain = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
        inline static PFN_vkGetAccelerationStructureBuildSizesKHR vkGetAccelerationStructureBuildSizesKHR;
        inline static PFN_vkCreateAccelerationStructureKHR vkCreateAccelerationStructureKHR;
        inline static PFN_vkDestroyAccelerationStructureKHR vkDestroyAccelerationStructureKHR;
        inline static PFN_vkCmdBuildAccelerationStructuresKHR vkCmdBuildAccelerationStructuresKHR;
        inline static PFN_vkGetAccelerationStructureDeviceAddressKHR vkGetAccelerationStructureDeviceAddressKHR;
        inline static PFN_vkCreateRayTracingPipelinesKHR vkCreateRayTracingPipelinesKHR;
        inline static PFN_vkGetRayTracingShaderGroupHandlesKHR vkGetRayTracingShaderGroupHandlesKHR;
        inline static PFN_vkCmdTraceRaysKHR vkCmdTraceRaysKHR;
        inline static PFN_vkCmdBindResourceHeapEXT vkCmdBindResourceHeapEXT;
        inline static PFN_vkCmdBindSamplerHeapEXT vkCmdBindSamplerHeapEXT;
        inline static PFN_vkWriteResourceDescriptorsEXT vkWriteResourceDescriptorsEXT;
        inline static PFN_vkWriteSamplerDescriptorsEXT vkWriteSamplerDescriptorsEXT;
        inline static PFN_vkCmdPushDataEXT vkCmdPushDataEXT;
        inline static PFN_vkGetPhysicalDeviceDescriptorSizeEXT vkGetPhysicalDeviceDescriptorSizeEXT;
        inline static PFN_vkGetDeviceFaultInfoEXT vkGetDeviceFaultInfoEXT;

        // VK_EXT_memory_decompression — opt-in. When the driver advertises it
        // and exposes the GDeflate 1.0 method, GPU asset decompression is
        // available; otherwise consumers fall back to CPU decode.
        inline static bool memoryDecompressionSupported = false;
        inline static PFN_vkCmdDecompressMemoryEXT vkCmdDecompressMemoryEXT = nullptr;

        inline static VkPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties memoryProperties;

        inline static VkPhysicalDeviceDescriptorHeapPropertiesEXT descriptorHeapProperties = {
            .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR_HEAP_PROPERTIES_EXT
        };
        inline static VkPhysicalDeviceRayTracingPipelinePropertiesKHR rayTracingProperties = {
            .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_RAY_TRACING_PIPELINE_PROPERTIES_KHR,
            .pNext = &descriptorHeapProperties
        };
        inline static VkPhysicalDeviceMemoryDecompressionPropertiesEXT memoryDecompressionProperties = {
            .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_MEMORY_DECOMPRESSION_PROPERTIES_EXT
        };
        inline static VkPhysicalDeviceDriverProperties driverProperties = {
            .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_DRIVER_PROPERTIES
        };

        // ─── NVIDIA descriptor-heap AS-read workaround (issue #15 / #7) ──
        // True only on the NVIDIA proprietary driver, where reading an
        // acceleration structure through VK_EXT_descriptor_heap aborts with
        // VK_ERROR_DEVICE_LOST (a brand-new-extension driver fault, verified
        // engine-clean in #7). When set, VulkanShader rewrites heap AS reads
        // into a TLAS-device-address + OpConvertUToAccelerationStructureKHR
        // path and RTPass pushes the active TLAS address as push data. Delete
        // this flag and everything keyed on it once a fixed driver ships.
        inline static bool workaroundDescriptorHeapAS = false;

        // Count of ERROR-severity validation messages seen by the debug
        // messenger callback since instance creation. The callback only
        // prints (it never aborts), so tests that want to fail on a
        // validation error — e.g. a malformed acceleration-structure build —
        // assert this stays zero across the operation under test.
        inline static std::uint32_t validationErrorCount = 0;
        // The byte offset of the TLAS-address member inside a patched shader's
        // push-constant block is tracked per-shader (VulkanShader::tlasPushOffset),
        // not here: a single global is clobbered by whichever shader was patched
        // last and so cannot serve several shaders with differing push layouts
        // (e.g. an RT raygen and a ray-querying compute shader). RTPass and
        // ComputeShader read the offset off the pipeline they record.

        static void CheckVkResult(VkResult result);
        // Selects a memory type index from typeBits that satisfies `required`.
        // When `preferred` bits are also given, a type satisfying both is
        // chosen first; if none exists we fall back to required-only rather
        // than throwing. Throws only when even `required` cannot be met (no
        // valid memory exists for the allocation).
        static std::uint32_t GetMemoryType(std::uint32_t typeBits, VkMemoryPropertyFlags required, VkMemoryPropertyFlags preferred = 0);

        // Upload-strategy helper for a CPU-written, GPU-read buffer of `size`
        // bytes. Picks *where* the buffer should live, complementing
        // GetMemoryType (which picks the memory type once the strategy is set):
        //   true  -> allocate HOST_VISIBLE | DEVICE_LOCAL, map, write straight
        //            into device memory (no staging buffer, no copy).
        //   false -> allocate pure DEVICE_LOCAL and feed it from a HOST_VISIBLE
        //            staging buffer + vkCmdCopyBuffer.
        //
        // The decision is platform-dependent and made at runtime, never
        // hardcoded:
        //   1. No DEVICE_LOCAL | HOST_VISIBLE type exists (no resizable BAR) ->
        //      false: direct writes are impossible, staging is mandatory.
        //   2. ReBAR / UMA — the host-visible device-local heap is essentially
        //      the whole VRAM heap (>= 90% of the largest DEVICE_LOCAL heap) ->
        //      true: a staging copy would be pure overhead.
        //   3. Small BAR window — the host-visible device-local heap is a tiny
        //      window on a separate heap (<< VRAM) -> true only for buffers
        //      small enough to fit the window's per-buffer budget; large
        //      buffers stage so they don't exhaust the window (issue #58).
        //
        // This is the *upload* path (CPU-write -> GPU-read). Readback wants
        // HOST_CACHED instead (the ReBAR type is coherent-not-cached, so CPU
        // reads from it are slow) — keep that path separate. A more robust
        // small-window budget would consult VK_EXT_memory_budget for the
        // window's *remaining* space rather than its total size; that needs the
        // extension enabled and is a follow-up.
        //
        // Everything except the final size comparison depends only on
        // memoryProperties, so it is derived once by CacheUploadStrategy (called
        // at device creation) into the directWrite* members below; this leaves
        // the per-allocation call a single bounds check.
        static bool PreferDirectDeviceWrite(VkDeviceSize size);

        // Size-independent half of PreferDirectDeviceWrite, cached from
        // memoryProperties. directWriteBudget is the largest buffer that may be
        // written directly: 0 when no resizable BAR exists (always stage),
        // VkDeviceSize max for ReBAR/UMA (always map), or the small-window
        // per-buffer cap otherwise. Recompute via CacheUploadStrategy whenever
        // memoryProperties changes (device creation does this once).
        inline static VkDeviceSize directWriteBudget = 0;
        static void CacheUploadStrategy();

        // ─── Wayland key repeat ────────────────────────────────────────
        // TickKeyRepeats fires onRawKeyDown / onRawKeyHold / onTextInput on
        // the focused window for whichever key is currently repeating.
        // Called once per frame from Window::Render. KeyRepeatState lives
        // at namespace scope so its member initializers don't trip C++'s
        // "complete-type-needed" rule for the inline static below.
        #ifdef CRAFTER_GRAPHICS_WINDOW_WAYLAND
        inline static KeyRepeatState keyRepeat;
        static void TickKeyRepeats();
        #else
        static void TickKeyRepeats() {}
        #endif
        #else  // CRAFTER_GRAPHICS_WINDOW_DOM
        // DOM mode: Device collapses to just `Initialize()` (currently a
        // no-op since the JS runtime initializes itself). The function is
        // kept so user code calling `Device::Initialize()` still compiles
        // cross-platform. Browser key repeat is delivered through the
        // KeyboardEvent.repeat flag directly — no manual synthesis.
        static void TickKeyRepeats() {}
        #endif
    };
}