Crafter.Network/tests/ShouldBindLoopbackEphemeral/main.cpp

//SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only
//SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (C) 2026 Catcrafts®

// ListenerTCP can be told the address it binds and take port 0, with Port()
// reporting what the kernel picked. Before, it always bound 0.0.0.0 at a port
// the caller chose: a helper meant for this machine's own processes — a broker
// that hands out database access, say — was reachable from the network, and
// the caller had to guess a free port and hope.
//
// Also: a host name is refused rather than bound to whichever address the
// resolver ranks first, and the port-only constructor keeps listening on every
// IPv4 interface.

#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <ifaddrs.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <cerrno>
#include <cstdlib>

import Crafter.Network;
import std;
using namespace Crafter;
using namespace std::chrono_literals;

namespace {

int failures = 0;

void Check(bool ok, std::string_view what) {
    std::println("{}  {}", ok ? "PASS" : "FAIL", what);
    if (!ok) ++failures;
}

// An IPv4 address of this host that is not loopback, if it has one.
std::optional<std::string> NonLoopbackIPv4() {
    ifaddrs* interfaces = nullptr;
    if (getifaddrs(&interfaces) != 0) return std::nullopt;
    std::optional<std::string> found;
    for (const ifaddrs* entry = interfaces; entry != nullptr && !found; entry = entry->ifa_next) {
        if (entry->ifa_addr == nullptr || entry->ifa_addr->sa_family != AF_INET) continue;
        const auto* v4 = reinterpret_cast<const sockaddr_in*>(entry->ifa_addr);
        if (ntohl(v4->sin_addr.s_addr) >> 24 == 127) continue;
        char text[INET_ADDRSTRLEN] = {};
        inet_ntop(AF_INET, &v4->sin_addr, text, sizeof(text));
        found = std::string(text);
    }
    freeifaddrs(interfaces);
    return found;
}

// Runs a listener's accept loop on a thread of its own and counts the
// connections it was handed.
struct Serving {
    ListenerTCP& listener;
    std::atomic<int> accepted = 0;
    std::thread loop;

    explicit Serving(ListenerTCP& listener) : listener(listener) {
        listener.connectCallback = [this](ClientTCP* client) {
            ++accepted;
            delete client;
        };
        loop = std::thread([this] { this->listener.ListenSyncSync(); });
    }
    ~Serving() {
        listener.Stop();
        loop.join();
    }
    bool WaitFor(int count) {
        for (int i = 0; i < 200 && accepted.load() < count; ++i) std::this_thread::sleep_for(10ms);
        return accepted.load() >= count;
    }
};

} // namespace

int main() {
    {
        ListenerTCP listener("127.0.0.1", 0, nullptr);
        const std::uint16_t port = listener.Port();
        Check(port != 0, std::format("port 0 gets a port from the kernel, which Port() reports ({})", port));
        Serving serving(listener);
        {
            ClientTCP client("127.0.0.1", port, 2s);
        }
        Check(serving.WaitFor(1), "a client on loopback reaches it");

        if (const std::optional<std::string> outside = NonLoopbackIPv4()) {
            bool refused = false;
            try {
                ClientTCP client(*outside, port, 2s);
            } catch (const SocketErrorException& e) {
                refused = e.phase == SocketPhase::Connect && e.code() == std::errc::connection_refused;
            } catch (const std::exception&) {
            }
            Check(refused, std::format("through {} it is refused: it listens on 127.0.0.1 alone", *outside));
        } else {
            std::println("SKIP  no non-loopback IPv4 address to try from");
        }
    }

    {
        std::optional<ListenerTCP> v6;
        try {
            v6.emplace("::1", 0, nullptr);
        } catch (const std::exception&) {
        }
        if (v6) {
            Serving serving(*v6);
            {
                ClientTCP client("::1", v6->Port(), 2s);
            }
            Check(serving.WaitFor(1), "an IPv6 loopback listener takes a client on ::1");
        } else {
            std::println("SKIP  no IPv6 loopback on this host");
        }
    }

    {
        bool refused = false;
        try {
            ListenerTCP named("localhost", 0, nullptr);
        } catch (const std::runtime_error&) {
            refused = true;
        }
        Check(refused, "a host name is refused: the address to bind is spelled out");
    }

    {
        ListenerTCP any(0, nullptr);
        Check(any.Port() != 0, "the port-only constructor takes port 0 as well");
        Serving serving(any);
        {
            ClientTCP client("127.0.0.1", any.Port(), 2s);
        }
        Check(serving.WaitFor(1), "and still listens on every IPv4 interface, loopback included");
    }

    std::println("{}", failures == 0 ? "all checks passed" : "check(s) failed");
    return failures == 0 ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE;
}