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Emergency calling, stage 1: urn:service:sos with a digits fallback

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Classify 112/911 (plus EMERGENCY_NUMBERS) at Dial. A classified call
INVITEs urn:service:sos over the existing registration and, on any
non-2xx final not caused by the user hanging up (including the
setup-timeout CANCEL paths), retries once as a plain INVITE of the
dialled digits — the pre-0.3.0 behavior, so classification can never
place a call worse than the status quo. The reverse edge: a 380
Alternative Service whose body carries the emergency indication
upgrades an unclassified call to the sos URN; a bare 380 stays an
error, since promoting an arbitrary redirect would put a
non-emergency call through to a PSAP. An emergency dial preempts an
in-progress call, and an answer racing a deadline-initiated CANCEL is
taken instead of BYE'd (user-initiated CANCEL races still BYE).

No emergency registration, no emergency PDN, no CS fallback, no
SIM-less calling, no AML — and no carrier has confirmed the sos path
end-to-end. The README warning states exactly that.

Assisted-by: Claude:claude-fable-5
This commit is contained in:
Jorijn van der Graaf 2026-08-01 22:29:12 +02:00
commit f2a404855f
8 changed files with 365 additions and 42 deletions
Download patch file Download diff file Expand all files Collapse all files

122
interfaces/Imsd-Engine.cppm
View file

@ -13,10 +13,12 @@ state and returns a list of Actions for the daemon shell to carry out — send
this on the client flow, answer the request on the channel it came in on,
start/stop the media leg, emit this D-Bus state change, arm this deadline.
That keeps the whole call FSM — PRACK on reliable 18x, ACK of 2xx vs non-2xx
finals, CANCEL/answer races, remote BYE, media-plane far-end-hangup, and the
terminating (UAS) side: 100/180 on an inbound INVITE, 200-with-answer on
Accept, 486 reject, the remote-CANCEL 200+487 pair — unit-testable against
recorded network dialogs with no I/O (tests/Engine).
finals, CANCEL/answer races, remote BYE, media-plane far-end-hangup, the
emergency attempt chain (urn:service:sos first for a classified number, one
fallback to a plain INVITE of the digits; a 380 Alternative Service upgrade
the other way), and the terminating (UAS) side: 100/180 on an inbound INVITE,
200-with-answer on Accept, 486 reject, the remote-CANCEL 200+487 pair —
unit-testable against recorded network dialogs with no I/O (tests/Engine).
State/reason strings are the frozen D-Bus vocabulary the dialer maps on
(dialing/ringing/incoming/active/terminated; outgoing/incoming/accepted/
@ -94,13 +96,12 @@ export namespace imsd::engine {
class CallMachine {
public:
CallMachine(const imsd::msg::Context& ctx, imsd::util::Rng& rng, std::string uni, std::string number, int rtpPort, bool precond)
// `emergency`: the shell classified the dialled string as an
// emergency number — the first attempt targets urn:service:sos.
CallMachine(const imsd::msg::Context& ctx, imsd::util::Rng& rng, std::string uni, std::string number, int rtpPort, bool precond, bool emergency = false)
: ctx_(ctx), rng_(rng), uni_(std::move(uni)), number_(std::move(number)),
rtpPort_(rtpPort), precond_(precond) {
d_.ruri = imsd::msg::RuriFor(number_, ctx_.id.domain);
d_.callid = std::format("{}@{}", rng_.Token(20), ctx_.local);
d_.itag = rng_.Token(10);
d_.invBranch = rng_.Token(20);
rtpPort_(rtpPort), precond_(precond), attemptSos_(emergency) {
ResetDialog();
}
CallMachine(const imsd::msg::Context& ctx, imsd::util::Rng& rng, std::string uni, IncomingInvite in, int rtpPort)
@ -135,8 +136,12 @@ export namespace imsd::engine {
const std::string& Reason() const { return reason_; }
bool Terminated() const { return state_ == CallState::Terminated; }
// Build + queue the INVITE and arm the ring timeout.
// Build + queue the INVITE for the current attempt and arm the ring
// timeout.
std::vector<Action> Start() {
if (attemptSos_) sosTried_ = true;
else
plainTried_ = true;
imsd::sdp::Offer offer;
offer.local = ctx_.local;
offer.rtpPort = rtpPort_;
@ -239,13 +244,17 @@ export namespace imsd::engine {
return a; // 1xx other than 100<code<200 (only 100): nothing
if (code == 200) {
a.push_back(Send(imsd::msg::BuildAck2xx(ctx_, d_, rng_.Token(20), std::string(imsd::sip::Header(msg, "To").value_or("")))));
if (cancelled_) {
// answered in the CANCEL race — we no longer want it
if (cancelled_ && userCancelled_) {
// answered in the user's CANCEL race — we no longer want it
nextCseq_++;
a.push_back(Send(imsd::msg::BuildInDialog(ctx_, d_, "BYE", nextCseq_, rng_.Token(20))));
Append(a, Finish("local-hangup", "answered during our CANCEL; BYE sent"));
return a;
}
// An answer racing a DEADLINE-initiated CANCEL is still
// wanted — the user never hung up. Matters most when the sos
// attempt is answered at the wire just as the timeout fires:
// BYEing an answering PSAP is the worst possible outcome.
MediaLeg leg = ParseAnswer();
a.push_back(StartMediaAct(leg));
state_ = CallState::Active;
@ -255,6 +264,10 @@ export namespace imsd::engine {
// non-2xx final
a.push_back(Send(imsd::msg::BuildAckNon2xx(ctx_, d_, std::string(imsd::sip::Header(msg, "To").value_or("")))));
std::string fin = WithReason(std::format("INVITE final {}", code), msg);
if (auto sos = FallbackTo(code, msg)) {
Append(a, Retry(*sos, fin));
return a;
}
if (cancelled_ || code == 487) Append(a, Finish("local-hangup", fin));
else if (code == 486 || code == 480 || code == 603) Append(a, Finish("refused-or-busy", fin));
else
@ -338,14 +351,27 @@ export namespace imsd::engine {
nextCseq_++;
a.push_back(Send(imsd::msg::BuildInDialog(ctx_, d_, "BYE", nextCseq_, rng_.Token(20))));
Append(a, Finish("local-hangup", "HangUp; BYE sent"));
} else if ((state_ == CallState::Dialing || state_ == CallState::Ringing) && !cancelled_) {
a.push_back(Send(imsd::msg::BuildCancel(ctx_, d_)));
cancelled_ = true;
a.push_back(Deadline(Cancel487Timeout));
} else if (state_ == CallState::Dialing || state_ == CallState::Ringing) {
// even when a deadline already CANCELled: the user's intent
// also kills the emergency fallback chain
userCancelled_ = true;
if (!cancelled_) {
a.push_back(Send(imsd::msg::BuildCancel(ctx_, d_)));
cancelled_ = true;
a.push_back(Deadline(Cancel487Timeout));
}
}
return a;
}
// The shell is abandoning this machine (an emergency dial preempts
// it while it waits on a CANCEL's 487): terminate bookkeeping only —
// the CANCEL already sent stands, and the late final for this
// Call-ID is ignored by dispatch.
std::vector<Action> Abandon(std::string_view detail) {
return Finish("local-hangup", detail);
}
// The media subprocess exited. code 3 = the downlink RTP dried up
// (far-end hangup); anything else = the leg died. Either way, if the
// call was up we release it network-side and tear down.
@ -375,6 +401,10 @@ export namespace imsd::engine {
a.push_back(Send(imsd::msg::BuildCancel(ctx_, d_)));
cancelled_ = true;
a.push_back(Deadline(Cancel487Timeout));
} else if (auto sos = FallbackTo(0, {})) {
// the 487 never came; an abandoned sos attempt still gets
// its digits fallback rather than dying silently
Append(a, Retry(*sos, "no final after CANCEL"));
} else {
Append(a, Finish("error", "setup deadline expired"));
}
@ -403,9 +433,67 @@ export namespace imsd::engine {
imsd::msg::Dialog d_;
int nextCseq_ = 2;
bool cancelled_ = false;
// The emergency attempt chain (outgoing only). attemptSos_ is what
// the CURRENT attempt targets; the tried flags bound the chain to
// one step in each direction, never a loop.
bool attemptSos_ = false;
bool sosTried_ = false;
bool plainTried_ = false;
bool userCancelled_ = false; // CANCEL came from OnHangup, not a deadline
std::set<std::string> pracked_;
std::string answerSdp_;
// Fresh dialog identity for the current attempt. A fallback INVITE
// after a final response is a new transaction AND a clean new dialog
// attempt (fresh Call-ID) — the shell's dispatch then ignores late
// responses to the abandoned attempt by Call-ID mismatch.
void ResetDialog() {
d_ = {};
d_.ruri = attemptSos_ ? std::string(imsd::msg::SosUrn)
: imsd::msg::RuriFor(number_, ctx_.id.domain);
d_.callid = std::format("{}@{}", rng_.Token(20), ctx_.local);
d_.itag = rng_.Token(10);
d_.invBranch = rng_.Token(20);
nextCseq_ = 2;
pracked_.clear();
answerSdp_.clear();
cancelled_ = false;
userCancelled_ = false;
}
// The emergency fallback chain — where the next attempt (if any)
// points. `msg` may be empty (deadline paths).
// - a sos INVITE that fails for any reason other than the user
// hanging up is re-attempted as a plain INVITE of the dialled
// digits: the pre-emergency-support behavior, so classification
// can only improve on the status quo, never block a call the old
// code would have placed.
// - a plain INVITE answered 380 Alternative Service whose body
// names emergency (TS 24.229 5.1.6: the network classified a
// number we didn't) is re-attempted as urn:service:sos. A 380
// without that indication terminates as an error: promoting an
// arbitrary redirect would put a non-emergency call through to a
// PSAP.
std::optional<bool> FallbackTo(int code, std::string_view msg) const {
if (userCancelled_) return std::nullopt;
if (attemptSos_) return plainTried_ ? std::nullopt : std::optional(false);
if (code == 380 && !sosTried_ && Body(msg).contains("emergency")) return true;
return std::nullopt;
}
// Switch the attempt and send its INVITE. Same uni: the dialer keeps
// seeing one continuous call, back in "dialing".
std::vector<Action> Retry(bool sos, std::string_view why) {
attemptSos_ = sos;
ResetDialog();
state_ = CallState::Dialing;
std::vector<Action> a;
a.push_back(LogAct(std::format("call {}: {} — retrying as {}", uni_, why, sos ? "emergency (urn:service:sos)" : "plain INVITE of the digits")));
a.push_back(StateAct("outgoing"));
Append(a, Start());
return a;
}
static std::string_view Body(std::string_view msg) {
std::size_t at = msg.find("\r\n\r\n");
return at == std::string_view::npos ? std::string_view{}

21
interfaces/Imsd-Messages.cppm
View file

@ -133,6 +133,27 @@ export namespace imsd::msg {
return s;
}
// The service URN an emergency INVITE targets (RFC 5031); Request-URI and
// To both carry it (TS 24.229 5.1.6). No sos subtype: a dialled string
// does not say police/ambulance/fire.
inline constexpr std::string_view SosUrn = "urn:service:sos";
// Emergency-number classification. 112 and 911 are emergency numbers on
// every network (TS 22.101 §10.1.1), so they are compiled in; `extra`
// adds carrier- or lab-specific numbers (the EMERGENCY_NUMBERS list —
// e.g. a private test core's advertised short code). Exact match after
// stripping "1 1 2"-style separators; prefixed/suffixed strings ("0112",
// "1120") are ordinary numbers. SIM EF_ECC is not read yet.
inline bool IsEmergency(std::string_view target, std::span<const std::string> extra = {}) {
std::string t;
for (char ch : target)
if (ch != ' ' && ch != '-' && ch != '.') t.push_back(ch);
if (t == "112" || t == "911") return true;
for (const std::string& e : extra)
if (!e.empty() && t == e) return true;
return false;
}
// Map a dialled string to a Request-URI (imscall.ruri_for): E.164/national
// numbers become user=phone SIP URIs at the home domain; a bare short code
// gets phone-context.