Window
- CreateSwapchain asked for exactly numFrames (3) images whatever the
surface said, read them into a three-element array, and keyed the
command buffers, the fences and the descriptor-heap copy holding "its"
swapchain image by the acquired image index. A swapchain of another
size fell back to FIFO (asked for MAILBOX or IMMEDIATE) or threw, and a
surface whose minimum is above three got a create info below it
(#160). Mesa's MAILBOX needs four images: Turnip on phoc, llvmpipe on
any Wayland compositor.
- The present mode is picked first, then the swapchain is sized by
SwapchainCapabilities: the surface's counts for that mode where the
instance has surface_maintenance1. With swapchain_maintenance1 the
swapchain names its mode (VkSwapchainPresentModesCreateInfoKHR), which
is what makes the mode's own count the one that applies, at creation and
to the forward progress of a UINT64_MAX acquire; without it the stricter
of the mode's and the surface's counts for all modes. It asks for
numFrames or that minimum where more, never past the maximum
(SwapchainMinImageCount). Turnip's FIFO keeps its three images and
MAILBOX gets four. The FIFO fallback and presentModeUnfit are gone.
- images, imageViewInfos (was imageViews: they are create-infos), the made
imageViews that descriptor sets take, imageInitialised and the
render-finished semaphores are per image, as many as the driver made.
The views are made once per swapchain. The semaphores only grow, since
a present of the old swapchain may still wait on one.
- Frames in flight stay numFrames, keyed by currentFrame, frameCounter %
numFrames: the command buffer, the fence, the acquire semaphore, the
heap copy (or set), RenderingElement3D::tlases, the frameIdx a pass is
recorded with. currentImage is the acquired image. currentBuffer is
gone, so code that used it stops compiling instead of picking the wrong
one; RenderPass::Record's frameIdx keeps its name and is now the frame
slot, as RenderPass.cppm says.
- The frame's fence is waited before the acquire. The acquire semaphores
need no spare then, and a frame waits for exactly the one numFrames
before it, which the deletion queue and the staging rings count on and
fences keyed by image did not promise once images come back out of
order. The swapchain slots are written before the fence is reset.
- From the acquire to the present the window is recording: a Resize or
SetPresentMode from a listener (a VSync key ticked in onUpdate) takes
effect after the present, through RebuildSwapchain, together with a
present that found the swapchain out of date. Rebuilding mid-frame used
to destroy the image the frame was drawing into; with images sized per
swapchain it would also index past the new one's end.
DescriptorHeapVulkan
- Frames and images pair up differently from frame to frame, so no heap
copy can keep one swapchain image. AddSwapchainSlot(slot, window) lists
an image slot as that window's swapchain image, and Window::Render
writes the image a frame acquired into its window's listed slots in that
frame's copy, or its set, before onUpdate, skipping a slot that holds it
already. A slot is one window's, so two windows can share a heap without
writing each other's slots under each other's frames in flight. A slot
listed during a frame its window records is written at once. A slot past
the heap's image slots, an empty ImageSlot's 0xFFFF among them, is
refused. Freeing a slot unlists it, as does initialising the heap in
either binding model. WriteImageSet, the one use of which this
replaces, is gone, and with it the per-frame dimension of setImageViews.
Device
- VK_KHR_surface_maintenance1 (or EXT) and VK_KHR_get_surface_capabilities2
are enabled where the loader has them (surfaceMaintenance1Supported,
vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceCapabilities2KHR), and the matching
swapchain_maintenance1 with its feature where the device has it
(swapchainMaintenance1Supported).
- DistinctGpus groups the physical devices by GPU as CRAFTER_GRAPHICS_DEVICE
numbers them, for ChooseGpu and tests.
UI
- UIRenderer lists its output slot instead of writing every copy itself,
and again on every resize; the resize listener is gone on both
backends. The headers' frameIdx is currentFrame.
Examples
- VulkanTriangle, Sponza, SponzaBench and RTVolume list their output slot
and write only the per-frame TLASes. They wrote imageViews[f] into copy
f once, which a resize left pointing at destroyed images.
Tests
- SwapchainImageCount: SwapchainMinImageCount on the numbers drivers
report; every offered mode keeps its mode and gets what the window asks
for; every frame presents the colour it drew, read back a texel per
frame; a switch and a resize asked for during a frame wait for its
present; a slot listed during a frame holds its image at once; two
windows on one heap draw their own colours. The frame checks run again
in child processes, through CRAFTER_GRAPHICS_DEVICE, on a GPU whose
swapchains have more images than frames (this one, else llvmpipe), in
each binding model the parent didn't cover; a child skips only for a GPU
that can't run the library, and checks it runs the model it was asked
for.
- FrameLoopSync checks the frame slot follows the frame counter and counts
the swapchain's own images. HeapASRead, HeapDynamicIndexHit and
RTPassPushData list their swapchain slot and drop their resize rewrites.
Docs
- README, AGENTS.md and AGENTS.consumer.md: frames and images, the
swapchain slots, rebuilds held to the present, the new optional groups.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
examples/Sponza no longer built natively (#164). Its closest-hit declared a
descriptor_heap sampler2D, which glslang has rejected since c8253623
("Reject descriptor_heap combined image samplers"), and main.cpp wrote it
through VkResourceDescriptorDataEXT::pCombinedImageSampler, which that union
no longer has: the descriptor heap has no combined image samplers. Both went
unnoticed because nothing builds the examples.
Sponza
- closesthit.glsl declares texture2D and sampler heap arrays and joins them
where it samples, as ui-shared.glsl and HeapDynamicIndexHit do. The
sampler slot is a second spec constant beside the image slot, so the
shader assumes nothing about where the host put it, and a constant index
keeps the example running on NVIDIA 610.43.02 (see its README). The
comment no longer says the image slot is offset by bufferStartElement;
only buffer slots are.
- main.cpp gives the heap a sampler slot, writes the albedo as a
SAMPLED_IMAGE from a view create-info, and writes the sampler into the
sampler heap from a VkSamplerCreateInfo with vkWriteSamplerDescriptorsEXT,
as UIRenderer::RegisterSampler does. SamplerVulkan's VkSampler had no use
left. The sampler keeps its linear filtering and repeat addressing and
drops anisotropy, which a hit shader cannot use: it samples at LOD 0,
without derivatives.
Docs
- README.md and examples/Sponza/README.md quote the new declarations, and
the Sponza README says why the texture and the sampler are two
descriptors. Its texture2DArray materials pattern declared a
descriptor_heap sampler2DArray, which glslang rejects as well; it now
joins a texture2DArray and a sampler.
- examples/SponzaBench/README.md drops its caveat that Sponza does not
compile.
Tests
- ExampleShaders compiles every GLSL shader under examples/ with glslang as
crafter-build does for the example (Vulkan rules, SPIR-V 1.4, shaders/ on
the include path, and the descriptor-set build where the example
registers one), so a glslang that starts rejecting one fails a test
rather than an example build nobody runs. It fails on Sponza's old
closest-hit and needs glslang only.
Closes#164.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Device
- Device::Initialize(required, optional) takes DeviceFeatures, the five
core feature structs vulkan10 to vulkan14. The library enables only what
its own shaders and code use. Device::enabledFeatures says what was
enabled, supportedFeatures what the GPU has, apiVersion the version in
use.
- shaderInt16, shaderFloat16, storageBuffer16BitAccess, scalarBlockLayout
and the uniform-buffer, storage-buffer and storage-image non-uniform
indexing bits are no longer enabled for everyone. An application whose
shaders take uint16_t spec constants passes
{.vulkan10 = {.shaderInt16 = VK_TRUE}}. scalarBlockLayout stays on with
the NVIDIA workaround, whose TLAS address may sit in a struct's tail
padding.
- Every GPU is weighed before one is chosen: Vulkan 1.3, the swapchain and,
below 1.4, maintenance5 extensions, the library's needs, the required
features. One that can't run the application is skipped, saying why when
it ranks higher. A CPU device runs it only when nothing else is listed,
and CRAFTER_GRAPHICS_DEVICE never falls back. A GPU two drivers both list
is tried through each.
- When no GPU qualifies, Initialize throws naming each GPU's gaps. It
destroys the instance it made, before any Wayland connection, so it can
be called again asking for less.
- maintenance5 is vulkan14's on a 1.4 GPU and VK_KHR_maintenance5's below.
CRAFTER_GRAPHICS_NO_VULKAN_1_4 runs as a 1.3 application, to exercise
that path on a 1.4 GPU.
- VK_KHR_spirv_1_4 and VK_KHR_shader_float_controls, core since 1.2, are no
longer enabled, nor VK_EXT_shader_atomic_float, which was enabled without
its feature struct. memoryDecompression's feature bit is queried before
it is enabled.
Shaders
- VulkanShader checks a module's capabilities, declared directly or
implicitly, against the enabled core features, the GPU's subgroup
operations and the optional groups, and throws naming the field to pass,
or saying the GPU lacks it. The tables are generated from vk.xml and
SPIR-V's grammar.
- WorkaroundNvidiaAS::Patch sized a row-major matrix push member by its
columns, so the TLAS address could land inside it.
Window
- The swapchain format is one whose own feature flags allow storage reads
and writes without a format, which since Vulkan 1.3 each format says for
itself; shaderStorageImageRead/WriteWithoutFormat are no longer required.
Tests
- DeviceFeatures: ResolveFeatures, ChooseDevice and CheckShaderCapabilities,
without a GPU.
- FeatureRequests: required and optional features end to end, the 1.3
path, and a retry after a refusal.
- PushConstantRewrite: a row-major mat3x4 push member.
- HeapASRead, HeapDynamicIndexHit, RTPassPushData and the ray-tracing
examples ask for the features their shaders use.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
The heap acceleration-structure read still needs the rewrite on
615.78.08; the READMEs say so and point at HeapASRead --no-workaround
for checking a newer driver. Dynamic descriptor indexing in hit shaders
is fixed there, which the README and the Sponza and SponzaBench notes
now say, and the VulkanTriangle investigation no longer contradicts
itself about llvmpipe, which advertises VK_EXT_descriptor_heap now.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Adds the minimal WebGPU-backend surface an HDR bloom/post chain needs:
1. wgpuCreateStorageImage2D + StorageImage2D<>: runtime rgba16float (or
other format) textures with STORAGE_BINDING|TEXTURE_BINDING usage, no
CompressedTextureAsset upload — GPU-produced HDR targets.
2. UICustomBindingKind::StorageTexture (kind 5): write-only storage-texture
binding carrying a texel format (the freed UICustomBinding::format byte),
wired through all three binding paths (UI custom / RT / plain compute).
Float textures already sample via SampledTexture (sampleType float).
3. PipelineRTWebGPU::Init(..., hdrOutputFormat): RESOLVE writes the linear
accumulator into a user rgba16float texture (RTPass::outTexHandle)
instead of the rgba8unorm canvas, leaving the composite→swapchain pass to
the app. Default RGBA8Unorm keeps the canvas path byte-identical.
Existing RT examples updated for the _pad→format field rename; the default
paths are unchanged (verified RTStress builds + renders).
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Indexing a `layout(descriptor_heap)` array with a runtime (non-constant)
index inside a ray-tracing hit shader device-losts on NVIDIA 610.43.02,
for both SSBO and sampled-image descriptors. A constant/spec-constant
index is fine, and the same dynamic pattern works in fragment shaders, so
it's an RT-stage-specific driver fault — the same family as #7/#15
(descriptor-heap AS reads) and #21/#22 (RT recursion + compute TLAS push).
Unlike the AS-read fault, this cannot be worked around transparently: a
sampled image has no device-address escape hatch the way an acceleration
structure does (OpConvertUToAccelerationStructureKHR), and a buffer-only
buffer_reference rewrite would need a whole address-table architecture
while still leaving the texture half broken. So the resolution is the
documented-limitation path (the precedent set by #7).
Records the fault and its isolation in README's Native RT status and in
the Sponza example README (the textured-closest-hit example, which already
reads its albedo through a spec-constant slot for exactly this reason).
Documents the recommended consumer pattern: bind one resource and index
*within* it dynamically (single geometry SSBO / buffer_reference at a
spec-constant slot; one texture2DArray indexed by layer) rather than
selecting a descriptor dynamically — what the WebGPU path already does.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Restructure Sponza for the wavefront model: raygen emits the primary ray;
closesthit (in SHADE) gathers albedo/normal, accumulates ambient, and
emits a shadow ray carrying the pending direct term; miss adds the sky
(primary) or the direct term (shadow miss). resolve.wgsl applies the same
Reinhard+gamma the megakernel raygen did inline. User bindings moved to
group 3 (groups 0..2 reserved). RTPass maxDepth=2.
Renders the atrium correctly through the wavefront pipeline (textures,
two-sided shading, sun+ambient, shadows, tonemap).
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
